Black-throated Loon and Red-throated Loon have been found at a little-birded recreational area in Pudong, and Slaty-backed Gull has appeared on the Huangpu River across from the Bund. All three species are rare in Earth’s Greatest City, with Black-throated Loon the scarcest. All three were brought to light by Shanghai birders using social media.
Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata, Sanjiagang Seaside Park (31.217928, 121.768172). On Sun. 19 March, a day after Michael Grunwell and I viewed it, this loon was discovered dead at the water park. It may have been a victim of poisoning through the ingestion of oil that had collected on its feathers. (Kai Pflug)
The loons had been sighted numerous times before my partner Michael Grunwell and I arrived on Sat. 18 March at Sanjiagang Seaside Park (31.217928, 121.768172). The dilapidated recreation area is on the coast of the East China Sea, near the mouth of the Yangtze River, 9 km north of Pudong Airport. Chinese birders discovered the loons, and birder Larry Chen, his partners Komatsu Yasuhiko and Archie Jiang, and bird photographer Kai Pflug followed up, reporting back to our chat group, Shanghai Birding.
On Sun. 19 March, the Red-throated Loon was discovered dead at the park by local birder Suōyǔ Hè (蓑羽鹤). It is not clear what killed the bird, but it may have slowly poisoned itself by ingesting oil that had collected on its feathers. Larry said that during his encounters with the individual “The loon was constantly attempting to preen itself” and that he clearly saw oil on one of its flanks.
Red-throated Loon breeds at latitudes above 50 degrees in Eurasia and North America. Wintering Gavia stellata is more common in Shanghai than Black-throated Loon, being recorded annually here. Michael, my wife Elaine Du, and I found Red-throated Loon at Cape Nanhui in January 2016.
The feet of loons are placed far back on the bulky body, making loons powerful divers and clumsy walkers. Note the dagger-like bill, elongated head, and thick neck, characteristic of all five species in the loon family Gaviidae. I found this Black-throated Loon in September at Laotieshan, Liaoning. (Craig Brelsford)
Black-throated Loon is also known as Black-throated Diver and Arctic Loon. Gavia arctica breeds across northern Eurasia and into Alaska. It is an uncommon winter visitor all along the coast of China and is very rarely noted in Shanghai, with the last previous record in 2012. Before the encounter Saturday, I had seen Black-throated Loon only once, in September at Laotieshan in the northeastern province of Liaoning.
GULLING WITH BIRDERS IN MY POCKET
Michael Grunwell views gulls 18 March at Binjiang Park on the Huangpu River (31.2356935, 121.4973863). (Craig Brelsford)
On Sat. 18 March at Binjiang Park (31.2356935, 121.4973863), with the Pudong skyline looming behind, Michael Grunwell and I scanned the gulls on the Huangpu River.
“I think we’ve found Slaty-backed!” Michael cried.
With my iPhone I took photos of the gull through my scope and uploaded the photos to Shanghai Birding, the chat group I manage on the instant-messaging application WeChat. Within minutes the experts in my pocket started weighing in. Shenzhen birder Jonathan Martinez and Larry Chen, both strong gullers, confirmed Michael’s ID. Michael and I had a life bird!
By its second winter, Slaty-backed Gull (C) shows a saddle a darker shade of grey than that of all other gulls in East Asia. Note here the contrast between the slate-grey of Larus schistisagus (top inset) and the lighter grey of the other gulls, all adult Vega Gull L. vegae vegae/mongolicus (bottom inset). UPDATE, 18 APR 2017: In a guest post for shanghaibirding.com about the Widespread Herring-type Gulls of East Asia, Nial Moores says the gull far L is Taimyr Gull L. (heuglini) taimyrensis. Photo taken using iPhone 6 and PhoneSkope adapter attached to Swarovski ATX-95 spotting scope. (Craig Brelsford)
Slaty-backed Gull Larus schistisagus breeds on islands and cliffs on the coast of the Russian Far East (particularly the Kamchatka Peninsula) as well as Hokkaido. Wintering Slaty-backed are common in Japan, less common in northern coastal China, and rare in Shanghai.
Slaty-backed Gull, Shanghai. Note the angular head, stout bill, and short, thick, bubblegum-pink legs. (Craig Brelsford)
PHOTOS
Mongolian Gull Larus vegae mongolicus, Binjiang Park (31.2356935, 121.4973863), 18 March. Tag says ‘AL 62.’ I am looking into the origin of the tag and will update this post when I get more information. This is yet another photo taken with my iPhone 6 + PhoneSkope + Swarovski ATX-95. UPDATE, 22 MAR 2017: Thank you to Nial Moores from Birds Korea for showing me this page about a wing-tagging program for gulls from 2004 in northeastern Mongolia. It is highly possible that the gull above is part of that program. UPDATE, 24 MAR 2017: Gull researcher Andreas Buchheim has written me saying that he himself ringed gull AL 62 on 27 May 2013 at Telmen Lake (48.8, 97.25) in NW Mongolia. Telmen Lake is 2,820 km (1,752 miles) from Shanghai’s Binjiang Park. Buchheim said that when he ringed AL 62, it was already an adult. This means that AL 62 hatched no later than spring 2010 and that the youngest it could be is nearly 7 years old. All large, white-headed gulls breeding in Mongolia, Buchheim said, are mongolicus. Regarding our mongolicus, Nial Moores from Birds Korea said, ‘This individual shows more obvious yellowish tones to the legs than most/any we see here in Korea (where they are invariably pinkish-legged). It is known that some Mongolians on the breeding grounds have yellowish tones to the legs—so perhaps this difference between birds in Shanghai and Korea is to do with hormonal condition pre-migration. It tends to be several degrees colder in Korea than in Shanghai on the same dates, of course.’ (Craig Brelsford)Shanghai birders KaneXu (L) and Michael Grunwell share a laugh after discovering that they own the same camera, the Nikon Coolpix P900S. The two were at Sanjiagang Seaside Park on 18 March. When it comes to compact cameras, Nikon and other manufacturers are feeling the heat from smartphones. They know that consumers are turning away from compact cameras because the cameras in smartphones are now so good. They are therefore loading up compact cameras such as the P900S with plenty of power and pricing them competitively. KaneXu and Michael are getting great stills as well as video with their new cameras. (Craig Brelsford)
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Published by
Craig Brelsford
Craig Brelsford is the founder of shanghaibirding.com. Brelsford lived in Shanghai from 2007 to 2018. Now back home in Florida, Brelsford maintains close ties to the Shanghai birding community and continues his enthusiastic development of this website. When Brelsford departed China, he was the top-ranked eBirder in that country, having noted more than 930 species. Brelsford was also the top-ranked eBirder in Shanghai, with more than 320 species. Brelsford’s photos of birds have won various awards and been published in books and periodicals and on websites all over the world. Brelsford’s Photographic Field Guide to the Birds of China, published in its entirety on this website, is the most Shanghai-centric field guide ever written. Brelsford is a graduate of the University of Florida and earned a master's in business administration at the University of Liege, Belgium.
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5 thoughts on “Loons Near Pudong Airport”
Hi Craig
Interested in your Black-throated Loon. I’m curious to know whether you considered Pacific Loon, which is very similar, and I believe more likely to occur.
Hello Mike, and thanks for writing. Thank you for calling our attention to Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica. The species deserved a mention in the post. Pacific Loon has never been recorded in Shanghai, but it is a species we need to be looking out for. We ID’d our loon as Black-throated Loon G. arctica on the basis of the extensive area of white along its flank. G. pacifica would be highly unlikely to show any white along the flanks. The extensiveness of white along the flanks is the clearest separator of G. pacifica and G. arctica. Thanks again.
Congratulations on the Slaty-backed. Some lists still lump mongolicus in Larus vegae as you choose to, but am surprised that you also lump in Larus heuglini taimyrensis with vegae as well. At least some checklists consider heuglini to be part of Lesser Black-backed Gull.
Hello Nial Moores, thanks for writing, and great work on Birds Korea.
Regarding mongolicus, I follow the IOC, which classifies mongolicus as a ssp. of Larus vegae. I follow IOC more or less blindly, because (1) I trust it, (2) it is widely used, and (3) in life it is usually best to choose a plan and stick to it.
Regarding heuglini being part of Lesser Black-backed Gull, I, once again echoing IOC, agree with you. Where in the post were you led to believe otherwise?
Nice finds. I have fond memories of spending some summer vacations by lakes in Minnesota and Wisconsin, each with its own resident breeding pair of loons
Hi Craig
Interested in your Black-throated Loon. I’m curious to know whether you considered Pacific Loon, which is very similar, and I believe more likely to occur.
Cheers
Mike
Hello Mike, and thanks for writing. Thank you for calling our attention to Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica. The species deserved a mention in the post. Pacific Loon has never been recorded in Shanghai, but it is a species we need to be looking out for. We ID’d our loon as Black-throated Loon G. arctica on the basis of the extensive area of white along its flank. G. pacifica would be highly unlikely to show any white along the flanks. The extensiveness of white along the flanks is the clearest separator of G. pacifica and G. arctica. Thanks again.
Congratulations on the Slaty-backed. Some lists still lump mongolicus in Larus vegae as you choose to, but am surprised that you also lump in Larus heuglini taimyrensis with vegae as well. At least some checklists consider heuglini to be part of Lesser Black-backed Gull.
Hello Nial Moores, thanks for writing, and great work on Birds Korea.
Regarding mongolicus, I follow the IOC, which classifies mongolicus as a ssp. of Larus vegae. I follow IOC more or less blindly, because (1) I trust it, (2) it is widely used, and (3) in life it is usually best to choose a plan and stick to it.
Regarding heuglini being part of Lesser Black-backed Gull, I, once again echoing IOC, agree with you. Where in the post were you led to believe otherwise?
Nice finds. I have fond memories of spending some summer vacations by lakes in Minnesota and Wisconsin, each with its own resident breeding pair of loons